Lead is an important and widely used metal across various industries, with its largest consumption observed in lead-acid batteries. These batteries, due to their high energy storage capacity and rechargeable nature, play a crucial role in supplying electrical power for vehicles such as cars, trucks, and buses. They also serve as a reliable energy source in communication systems and electrical industries, ensuring stable operation of equipment. The use of lead in batteries is economically and environmentally justifiable because of its corrosion resistance, high density, and recyclability. Beyond this primary application, lead also plays a significant role in the production of free-machining steels, where it acts as an effective lubricant, reducing friction during machining and noticeably improving surface quality and tool life.